Apr 27, 2024  
2021-2022 Undergraduate Catalog 
    
2021-2022 Undergraduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


 

Political Science

  
  • PS 200 Non-Profits, Philanthropy, and Community Impact

    Fall Semester

    Students enrolled in this course will gain a complex understanding of philanthropy, the non-profit sector, and social impact investing.  Complementing the history of charity and nonprofit organizations will be a look at modern philathropcapitalism and the cultural shift towards strategic philanthropy through a combination of site visits to local non-profits, interactions with philanthropists, and board members of area organizations.  The grant process will be highlighted through a distribution of a $5,000 grant to one more local community organization(s).

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 242 State and Local Government



    A study of the structure and functions of the major types of state, county, and city governments, regional authorities, and metropolitan areas. Special attention will be given to the government of the state of Pennsylvania and to the unique problems of contemporary urban politics.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 243 Government and Politics of Africa



    This course is a study of the government and politics of representative African states. This study will also consider the relevance of trends in governing structures, economic patterns, international relations, and nationalism in contemporary Africa. Not open to freshmen.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 244 Government and Politics of East Asia



    This course offers a comprehensive introduction to the government and politics of the East Asia: China, the two Koreas, and Japan. Topics will include the rise of China and Japan, the North Korean nuclear issue, territorial disputes, the question of Korean unification, and the future of a U.S. security presence in the region.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 245 Government and Politics of Latin America



    Viewing the politics of Latin America as if it were a game, the course identifies the basic rules, the domestic and foreign players involved, and the stakes in the different modes of politics and economic development. Special focus is on the countries of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Cuba, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, and Venezuela. Not open to freshmen.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 246 Government and Politics of the Middle East



    A broad study of the governments and political systems of different countries in the Middle East. Special emphasis will be on the socio-economic and political development in the area. Other topics will include legacy of imperialism, nationalism, Arab-Israeli conflict, U.S. role in the Middle East, revival of Islam, and the prospects for future peace in the Middle East. The focus will be on the countries of Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Turkey. If time permits, other Middle Eastern countries will be studied. Not open to freshmen.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 247 Government and Politics of Russia



    A brief comparative survey of Tsarist and Soviet governments and socio-economic, political, and ideological systems; a more detailed study of contemporary government and political structures of Russia and the countries of the former Soviet Union.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 248 Government and Politics of the Caribbean



    The Caribbean provides a unique laboratory to compare political regimes. It includes parliamentary democracies, communist dictatorships, American possessions and French departments. The first half of the class introduces common trends such as colo­nial experience, slavery, plantation economies, the importance of trade, the reality of harsh meteorological conditions and the policies designed to attracting tourists and their hard currencies, and their consequences. The second half studies the politics of specific countries, i.e., Cuba, Puerto Rico and Haiti. The class includes the communities of Caribbean immigrants in the U.S. and how they impact their home countries as well as the U.S.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 250 Government and Politics of South Asia



    A broad study of the governments and political structures of different countries in South Asia. The course will contain a good deal of analysis and theoretical insight into the cultural and historical milieu in which political developments take place. The focus will be on India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, and Maldives. Not open to freshmen.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 260 Comparative Politics



    An introduction to the practice of politics and the governing institutions of selected democratic and non-democratic states. Topics to be discussed include the problems of political and economic development, mechanisms of stability and change, and approaches to comparative analysis.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 262 Quantitative Analysis



    This course introduces majors to the specific quantitative analysis techniques used by a variety of disciplines.  Topics include the scientific method, theory development, experimental design, data management and analysis, hypothesis testing, and statistical methods. Prerequisite: Sophomore Standing.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 297-299 Special Topics



    These courses address special topics that are of particular interest to students because of contemporary political developments, new methodologies and perspectives, or unique opportunities for specialized experiences.  Examples of recent and possible future topics include Islamic Political Thought, Non-Profit Organizations and Philanthropy, Policy Analysis, Grant Writing, Advanced Quantitative Analysis, Immigration Policy, Aging Policy, Global/Regional Policy, etc.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 302 International Relations



    An introduction to the major influences in the relationships between states. Emphasis is on the historical emergence of the International System. Internal and external influences on foreign policies are examined. Topics such as arms control, North-South relationships, global problems, and world peace are explored in depth. Use is made of maps, graphs, charts, statistics, and extensive use of the Internet.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 303 American Foreign Policy



    This course provides an introduction to U.S. foreign policy; it will explore the conduct of U.S. relations with other countries in the world. Topics will include the rise of America, U.S. foreign policy during and after the Cold War and the complex issues facing the U.S. in the post-Cold War era. Emphasis will be on American foreign policy toward different geopolitical regions. Fundamental American values in foreign policy will be examined, as well as a broad range of perspectives of leading scholars.  This course is cross listed with HIS393.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 304 American-East Asian Relations



    This course is to introduce American-East Asian re­lations from the 19th century to the present. During the Cold War, East Asia experienced intense competition and conflict between the superpowers. In the post-Cold War era, the region has been an engine of the global economy, while undergoing a major shift in the balance of power whose trajectory and outcome remain uncertain. This course strives to catch this momentum by examining the sources of conflict and cooperation in both the pre- and post-Cold War periods and by assessing competing explanations for key events in U.S.-East Asian relations.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 305 Parties, Campaigns, and Elections



    The nature and function of political parties in the American two-party system; the impact of the mass media and campaign reform on the electoral process; third party movements; the future of both major political parties. Special attention will be paid to the most recent presidential nominations, campaigns, and election.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 306 International Organizations

    Spring Semester

    This course is an introduction to the intergovernmental organizations.  It examines their historical origins, ostensible functions, the international and domestic polictical forces that impact their operations, and their effectiveness.  Emphasis is on the United Nations.  Topics such as arms control, North-South relationships, global problems, and world peace are explored in depth.  As a component of this course, students will participate in the annual Model United Nations simulation in New York City as an experiential learning activity. Prerequisite: PS 302  

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 307 International Law



    This course is a comprehensive introduction to the doctrines and processes of law in the global setting. Emphasis is placed on the nature and sources of international law, international institutions, statehood and sovereignty, the law of human rights, and emerging trends in transnational law.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 308 International Political Economy



    A survey of major contemporary theoretical efforts to relate economic and political behaviors. The course will explore international trade policies, Atlantic relations, and North-South issues, the political environment of multinational corporate activities, the politics of monetary relations, and the debate on globalization from a variety of perspectives. The theoretical contributions will be weighed in light of the historical evidence and contemporary policy trends. The course is designed to inform the students of political economy as an academic discipline, as well as to provide some sense of its interdisciplinary nature, drawing as it does on both political science and economics.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 309 International Organizations



    This course is an introduction to the intergovernmental organizations.  It examines their historical origins, ostensible functions, the international and domestic polictical forces that impact their operations, and their effectiveness.  Emphasis is on the United Nations.  Topics such as arms control, North-South relationships, global problems, and world peace are explored in depth.  As a component of this course, students will participate in the annual Model United Nations simulation in New York City as an experiential learning activity. Prerequisite or Corequisite: PS 302 

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 312 Politics of Public Policy



    Analysis of the development, implementation, and evaluation of public policy within the federal system. The course will view the public policy from the perspective of the executive, legislative, judicial, and bureaucratic branches of government. In addition, emphasis will be placed on public input into the governmental process.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 313 Political Psychology

    Fall and Spring Semesters

    Understanding the psychological aspects of political developments is increasingly important in this age of political change and polarization.  This course evaluates theories from the field of psychology to help us understand how people think and feel about politics.  After examining the history and methods of political psychology research, we will investigate how social, cognitive, emotive, and physiological factors interact to determine individual preferences and opinions.  Students will place these individual level differences into the broader context of political behavior and democracy.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 314 Public Opinion



    In a democracy, the preferences of the public are expected to guide government activity and policy.  This makes a public opinion an important area of study for democratic politics.  After examining the normative reasons for studying public opinion, we will examine the source of public opinion, how political institutions influence government’s responsiveness, and whether and how political elites can shape public opinion to further their own agendas.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 315 Politics and the News Media



    The news media are responsible for informing the public about politics, as well as acting as a watchdog over our government.  After examining the relationship between the public, the government, and the media, we will determine whether and how the media can influence public opinion.  We will end the course with an assessment of changes in the information environment, such as the rise of media bias, infotainment, social media, and the 24-hour news cycle, and how these changes have shaped our view of government and politics.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 317 Principles of Law

    Fall/Spring

    This course is a study of the general principles of law. The course covers the major branches of law such as contracts, evidence, torts, and the legal environment of government and politics. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 318 Law and Society

    Fall/Spring

    The course focuses on the role of law in the cultural, social and political setting.  It analyzes legal perspectives in the context of contemporary social problems.  The course also involves a specialized study of law as an essential resource to secure social and political outcomes in terms of legal empowerment and social justice.  

     

    3 credit hours

  
  • PS 327 Environmental Law

    Fall Semester

    This course is a study of the federal, state and local regulatory programs designed to support environmental protection.  The course will cover leading concepts, issues and principles in environmental laws such as sustainable development, tort action and international perspectives.  The course will also delve into statues in environmental law alongside the general legal and policy framework of environmental management and sustainability.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 337 Administrative Law

    Spring Semester

    This course is a study of the legal environment of public administration and policy.  It examines the law governing administrative agencies, including executive departments in the practical implementation of governmental programs.  Topics include agency rule making, adjudication, judicial review and related procedures in government and public law. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 352 Introduction to Public Finance



    The course focuses on an economic and political analysis of public choice theory, income distribution, expenditure analysis, income transfer programs, and tax theory. Topics include analysis of revenues and expenditures relating to such areas as health care, social security, welfare and unemployment, education, national security, etc.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 357 Health Law and Policy



    This course offers a comprehensive study of health law and policy. It provides analysis of the framework of healthcare policy and regulations. Topics include quality measurement and improvement, affordability and access, public health insurance programs, the credentialing of health care professionals, patients’ rights and medical confidentiality, the role of public health and bioethics, and the scope of administrative and legal issues in health care.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 361 American Political Thought



    An introduction to American political thinking from the founding to the present. This course deals with the uniqueness of and tensions in the American tradition through a critical examination of the thought of American statesmen and theorists.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 362 The Congress



    A study of the history and politics of the U.S. Congress. Topics include the constitutional vision of the founders, the evolution of Congress as an institution, the differences between the Senate and the House of Representatives, the norms and folkways of the Congress, leadership in the House and Senate, the legislative process, and the Congress and Presidential and Congressional elections. Prerequisite: PS 101  or PS 142  or consent of instructor.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 367 Judicial Politics

    Fall/Spring

    A study of the history and politics of the federal judiciary.  Topics include the extra-legal conditions that impact the behavior of courts such as public opinion and ideology, the methods of judicial selection, the policy making capacity of judicial institutions including judicial review, the judicial protection of constitutional rights and libterties, the social impact of courts, and the comparative theories of judicial decision-making and empowerment.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 368 Ancient Political Thought



    A study of selected writings and texts from the ancient Greeks through the late Middle Ages. Topics to be discussed include the relevance of ancient philosophy, the nature of the polis, the role of the citizen, the rise of natural law, and the contributions of Christianity. Emphasis will be on a careful reading of primary sources. 

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 369 Modern Political Thought



    A study of selected writings and texts in political theory from Machiavelli to the present. Topics to be discussed include the modern understanding of power, social contract theory, the turn to history, and the contemporary philosophic situation. Emphasis will be on careful reading of primary sources. This course is cross-listed as PHL 369 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 371 American Constitutionalism (I): Structures of Government

    Fall Semester

    This course will examine the foundations and development of the American constitutional system focusing on the structures of government. Particular attention will be given to the writing of the U.S. Constitution and the evolution of constitutional law as it relates to federalism, separation of powers, judicial review, and the meaning of democracy. This course is cross-listed as HIS 371 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 372 American Constitutionalism (II): Civil Rights and Liberties

    Spring Semester

    This course will examine the foundations and development of civil rights and liberties within the American constitutional system. Particular attention will be given to the ratification debates concerning the Bill of Rights and the evolving constitutional status of speech, religion, racial and gender equality, privacy, death penalty, as well as a host of contemporary debates involving gay rights, gun control, affirmative action, and campaign financing. This course is cross-listed as HIS 372 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 397-399 Special Topics



    These courses address special topics that are of particular interest to students because of contemporary political developments, new methodologies and perspectives, or unique opportunities for specialized experiences.  Examples of recent and possible future topics include Islamic Political Thought, Non-Profit Organizations and Philanthropy, Policy Analysis, Grant Writing, Advanced Quantitative Analysis, Immigration Policy, Aging Policy, Global/Regional Policy, etc.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 406 International Peace and Security



    This course will prepare the students to understand the causes and effects of violent conflict in the world. The study of traditional warfare as well as more recent variations such as civil war, international terrorism, and subversion will prepare students to analyze contemporary politics. This course highlights issues of contemporary global importance such as diplomacy, nuclear proliferation, and funda­mentalist terrorism. Strategic issues related to Russia, the Middle East, and China as well as threats to the homeland will also be studied. Finally, the class addresses the pursuit of peace, as an alternative to conflict, and human security as an alternative to national security. Prerequisite:   or   

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 450 Senior Seminar



    This course is the capstone experience for Political Science and International Relations majors. The purpose of the course is to offer an opportunity for students to integrate and synthesize their previous course work in the discipline. All students will complete and present a major research paper. Topics to be discussed will be professionalism and ethics, practical issues and concerns in applied research, controversies in research methods, and the current state of the discipline. Prerequisite: PS 262  and Senior Standing.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 463 Policy and History in York, Pennsylvania

    Fall/Spring

    This course focuses on using history to inform policy decisions in the York, Pennsylvania community.  Students will learn about York and South Central Pennsylvania history generally but will dedicate most of their energies to applying this local history to inform local policymakers about the historical context in which they are operating.  As a class, students will select an important local policy area to explore (such as education, public health, drug policy, housing, law enforcement, or environmental policy, for example), and then students will conduct the historical research necessary to assemble a professional policy briefing that will be presented to community stakeholders, such as elected officials, civil servants, businesspeople, philanthropists, and/or NGO directors.  Students will have a unique opportunity to become experts on an aspect of local history and to share that history in ways that can inform community leaders confronting difficult choices about the future of their community.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 473 Social Movements Around the World



    This class studies the goals, strategies and accomplishments of social movements around the world. Through the in-depth study of social movements in different regions the class explores how they organize to promote or to prevent social change. Case studies include, among others: Black Nationalism in South Africa, poor women organizations in Chile, gay rights in the U.S., the struggle of aboriginal groups in Australia, and the transnational movement against globalization. The class provides theoretical and historical background as well as analytical tools to better grasp the nature, scope and impact of current social movements in Africa, Latin America, Australia and the U.S.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 479 European Union



    This course is designed to provide students with the opportunity to study the institutions and decision-making processes of the European Union (EU) for the purposes of participating in a Modern European Union simulation. Students will learn about the European Union as a unique international organization, and consider the issues and difficulties the EU and its member states face as they confront policy-making challenges. Students may participate in an experiential learning activity that is an annual Model EU simulation. Students will prepare to play the role of an actual EU-level politician. Students may take the course multiple times for credit, with a different role required year to year.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 480 European Union



    This course is designed to provide students with the opportunity to study the institutions and decisionmaking processes of the European Union (EU) for the purposes of participating in a Modern European Union simulation. Students will learn about the European Union as a unique international organization, and consider the issues and difficulties the EU and its member states face as they confront policy-making challenges. Students may participate in an experiential learning activity that is an annual Model EU simulation. Students will prepare to play the role of an actual EU-level politician. Students may take the course multiple times for credit, with a different role required year to year.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 490 Internship



    This course provides students specialized governmental experience in a government agency; legislative, executive, or judicial decision-making body; advocacy group or voluntary association; non-profit organization; or think tank, corporation, or government contractor.  Independent research may be a part of this experience. Prerequisite: Students are required to spend a minimum of 120 hours work on site. Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    3 credit hours each semester
  
  • PS 491 Internship



    This course provides students specialized governmental experience in a government agency; legislative, executive, or judicial decision-making body; advocacy group or voluntary association; non-profit organization; or think tank, corporation, or government contractor.  Independent research may be a part of this experience. Prerequisite: Students are required to spend a minimum of 120 hours work on site. Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    3 credit hours each semester
  
  • PS 497 Special Topics



    These courses address special topics that are of particular interest to students because of contemporary political developments, new methodologies and perspectives, or unique opportunities for specialized experiences.  Examples of recent and possible future topics include Islamic Political Thought, Non-Profit Organizations and Philanthropy, Policy Analysis, Grant Writing, Advanced Quantitative Analysis, Immigration Policy, Aging Policy, Global/Regional Policy, etc.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PS 498 Independent Study



    The Independent Study Program affords an opportunity for students who wish to undertake a well-defined research project. While these students conduct their work under the guidance of a faculty member of their own choosing, the project is carried out in an independent manner without regular class meetings. Effective independent study is characterized by a reduction in formal instruction and an increase in the individual student’s responsibility and initiative in the learning process. Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1-3 credit hours
  
  • PS 499 Independent Study



    The Independent Study Program affords an opportunity for students who wish to undertake a well-defined research project. While these students conduct their work under the guidance of a faculty member of their own choosing, the project is carried out in an independent manner without regular class meetings. Effective independent study is characterized by a reduction in formal instruction and an increase in the individual student’s responsibility and initiative in the learning process. Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1-3 credit hours

Premedical Studies

  
  • PMD 110 Family Medicine Grand Rounds

    Fall/Spring

    This seminar course is offered in conjunction with the Family Medicine Department at York Hospital. Students will participate in weekly Family Practice Grand Rounds held at York Hospital, under the supervision of a local family practice physician. With new seminars offered each semester, students may take this course a maximum of two semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151  and departmental approval.

    1 credit hour
  
  • PMD 120 Family Medicine Grand Rounds

    Fall/Spring

    This seminar course is offered in conjunction with the Family Medicine Department at York Hospital. Students will participate in weekly Family Practice Grand Rounds held at York Hospital, under the supervision of a local family practice physician. With new seminars offered each semester, students may take this course a maximum of two semesters. Prerequisite: PMD 110  and departmental approval.

    1 credit hour
  
  • PMD 130 Emergency Medicine Grand Rounds

    Fall/Spring

    This seminar course is offered in conjunction with the Emergency Medicine Department at York Hospital. Students will participate in weekly Emergency Medicine Grand Rounds held at York Hospital, under the supervision of a local emergency medicine physician. With new seminars offered each semester, students may take this course a maximum of two semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151  and departmental approval.

    1 credit hour
  
  • PMD 140 Emergency Medicine Grand Rounds

    Fall/Spring

    This seminar course is offered in conjunction with the Emergency Medicine Department at York Hospital. Students will participate in weekly Emergency Medicine Grand Rounds held at York Hospital, under the supervision of a local emergency medicine physician. With new seminars offered each semester, students may take this course a maximum of two semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151 , and departmental approval.

    1 credit hour
  
  • PMD 210 Emergency Medicine and Research I

    Fall/Spring

    This course is offered in conjunction with the Emergency Department at York Hospital. Students will become actively involved in ongoing research efforts in the Emergency Department by working with physicians and other medical personnel to help identify patients who are suitable candidates for clinical trials. Students will participate in an orientation session with training on research procedures, protocols, and informed consent and may obtain verbal informed consent and administer surveys to patients. Students will work four hours per week in the Emergency Department and participate in biweekly didactic sessions. Students may participate in this course a maximum of two semesters. Prerequisite: Minimum of 60 college credits, including BIO 219   and departmental approval. BIO 220/221  and BIO 222/223  are recommended.

    2 credit hours
  
  • PMD 220 Emergency Medicine and Research II

    Fall/Spring

    This course is offered in conjunction with the Emergency Department at York Hospital. Students will become actively involved in ongoing research efforts in the Emergency Department by working with physicians and other medical personnel to help identify patients who are suitable candidates for clinical trials. Students will participate in an orientation session with training on research procedures, protocols, and informed consent and may obtain verbal informed consent and administer surveys to patients. Students will work four hours per week in the Emergency Department and participate in biweekly didactic sessions. Students may participate in this course a maximum of two semesters. Prerequisite: Minimum of 60 college credits, including PMD 210 , BIO 219   and departmental approval. BIO 220/221  and BIO 222/223  are recommended.

    2 credit hours
  
  • PMD 230 Clinical Shadowing Rotations

    Spring

    This experience will allow students to become part of a medical team as observers. Students will participate in resident-mentored shadowing experiences in several clinical departments at York Hospital, including Internal Medicine, Family Medicine, and Emergency Medicine. In certain fields, efforts will be made to involve the student in both outpatient and inpatient settings. Extensive reviews of scientific literature will be conducted and weekly meetings with resident physicians will be expected. Students will choose a medical topic where a research paper, in one of several formats, will be written. Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151 , and BIO 220/221  and departmental approval.

    2 credit hours
  
  • PMD 310 Advanced Human Anatomy

    Fall

    This course is offered in conjunction with the Surgery Department at York Hospital. The course is designed for students who wish to further their knowledge of human structure. Classes are held weekly in a lecture/discussion group format, and the laboratory component involves human cadaver dissection. References will be made as to how structure is related to function. Prerequisite: Departmental approval. BIO 220/221  and BIO 222/223  are recommended.

    3 credit hours

Psychology

  
  • PSY 100 General Psychology

    Fall/Spring

    This course is a survey presentation of the fundamental theories, principles, and research methods of psychology. Emphasis is placed on psychology as the scientific study of behavior and cognitive processes. Students will be expected to demonstrate critical evaluation and creative thinking skills, an understanding of the data-gathering methods of psychology, and an ability to utilize information technology. An experiential learning component is required.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 200 Essential Skills and Tools in Psychology

    Fall/Spring

    This course provides students with the opportunity to further develop the essential skills needed in psychology—1) critical thinking, 2) critical reading, and 3) writing, using the major elements of APA (American Psychological Association) editorial style. A process learning approach will be used in which students will develop these skills in the context of several tasks, such as structured assignments for reading and critically evaluating both theoretical works and empirical articles in the field, and the completion of an APA-formatted literature review. Prerequisite: PSY 100 , Psychology major or permission of instructor.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 210 Fundamentals of Biopsychology

    Fall/Spring

    This course focuses on the physiological foundations of behavior through topics such as electrical and chemical transmission of nerves, basic neuroanatomy, nervous system development, and the basic anatomy and physiology underlying sensation and perception in the human nervous system. Prerequisite: PSY 100  or BIO 204  or BIO 112  or BIO 150/151 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 215 Sustainability and Psychology



    This course will explore the contributions that psychology has made and can make to creating a sustainable world. Whereas technology and policy can address problems of sustainability, our focus will be primarily upon human causes and consequences of environmental problems, and individual and community solutions. We will examine the primary areas of psychology, including cognitive, social, developmental, and personality for their applications to sustainability. Assignments allow students to explore their own attitudes and values regarding sustainability and to enact behavior change experiments to experience and reflect upon factors involved in behavior change.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 216 Forensic Psychology



    The focus of this course is an examination of the interaction between the discipline of psychology and the criminal justice system.  It examines the aspects of human behavior directly related to the legal process such as eyewitness memory, testimony, jury decision making and criminal behavior.  In addition, the professional practice of psychology will be examined as to how it interacts with the legal system, criminal law and civil law.  The student will gain an understanding of the production and application of psychological knowledge to the civil and criminal justice systems.  It embraces psychology and the law, psychology of police and policing, corrections, parole, victim services, addiction services, family services and the full range of activities related to law enforcement, criminal behavior and the treatment of offenders.  This course provides a strong foundation of understanding for individuals interested in psychology, law, criminal justice and related fields. Prerequisite: PSY 100  or CJA 101 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 221 Child and Adolescent Development

    Fall/Spring

    This course for non-majors is a survey of the major developmental concepts. Examination of growth and change from conception through adolescence is stressed. Emphasis is placed on cognitive, biological, and social development.  Does NOT satisfy Psychology major requirements or Psychology electives.  Students may use either this course or PSY 223   to satisfy the Psychology minor, and/or Children and the Family Constellation, but not both. 

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 223 Early Childhood Development

    Fall/Spring

    This course provides an understanding and appreciation for the interrelated growth process of development from infancy through early childhood. Emphasis is placed on growth areas including the physical, cognitive, social, moral and emotional. The course will focus on research-based findings and will explore the areas and theories of constructive, Vygotsky’s Socio-cultural Theory, attachment and social relationships, the importance of play, variations in development, the needs of the young child and developmentally appropriate practices. Course satisfies Pre K-4 Education requirements, but NOT Psychology major requirements or Psychology electives.  Students may use either this course or PSY 221  to satisfy the psychology minor, and/or Children and the Family Constellation, but not both. 

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 225 Health Psychology



    Health psychology is a field within Psychology that focuses on the behavioral, cognitive, psychosocial, and physiological factors that influence individual responses to health and illness.  This course will focus on the theoretical, scientific, and applied aspects of the field of health psychology.  Topics to be covered will include health-enhancing and health-compromising behaviors, risk factors for leading causes of death, stress, coping, the interplay among patients, their health-care provider, pain and chronic illness, and specific illnesses.  Stress and life style factors, such as diet, exercise, alcohol, and drugs in health and wellness will also be examined.  We will draw on many related disciplines such as medicine, biology, developmental, social, clinical psychology, behavioral medicine, pharmacology, nutrition, meditation and others.  Thus, this course will have a wide appeal to psychology majors and non-majors alike. Prerequisite: PSY 100 

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 227 Childhood Exceptionalities

    Fall/Spring

    This course will provide an introduction to the major areas of exceptionality that are typically encountered in the primary and secondary educational settings.  Emphasis is placed on the etiology and diagnoses of these conditions and the role of psychology and psychologists within the educational setting. The provision of special and individualized education programming will also be reviewed. Prerequisite: PSY 100 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 230 Abnormal Psychology

    Fall/Spring

    This course is designed for non-majors who wish to better understand the concept of “abnormality” as it relates to psychological disorders. Using the current system for diagnosis (DSM system) as a guide, major categories of psychological disorders will be explored in terms of their development and symp­tom patterns. Particular attention will also be given to the intersection between the mental health and legal systems. Prerequisite: PSY 100 . Does not satisfy Psychology major requirements or Psychology electives

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 243 Social Psychology

    Fall/Spring

    This course explores the effects of the social environment on an individual’s behavior, emotions, and thoughts, including the effects of other people, groups, and self-perception. Topics include perceiving the self and others, attitude formation and change, persuasion, conformity and obedience, group influence, helping behavior, aggression, and attraction and love. Prerequisite: PSY 100 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 250 Multicultural Awareness

    Fall/Spring

    In this course, students will critically examine their beliefs and their relevant behaviors regarding race, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, religion, age, and ability. Students will explore the research on the psychological processes that underlie bias, stereotyping, and discrimination, as well as explore the psychological consequences which can result. Knowledge gained in this course can be applied to enhance students’ personal relationships and to increase their effectiveness in professions that deal with a culturally diverse public. Prerequisite: PSY 100 . Psychology major or minor or Urban Education minor or permission of instructor.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 260 Psychological Perspectives on Intimate Relationships

    Spring Semester Odd Years

    This course will explore how scientific research from the field of psychology can be applied to questions related to intimate relationships.  Broad topics will include attraction and relationship initiation, intimacy and attachment, maintenance of long-term relationships, conflict resolution, and changes to relationship dynamics. Prerequisite: PSY 100  

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 270 Design and Analysis I

    Fall/Spring

    This course is designed to provide the Psychol­ogy major with an integrated introduction to the scientific method as practiced in psychology. Topics covered will include: experimental design, control, ethics, and the APA style for research report writing. Prerequisite: PSY 200 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 271 Design and Analysis II

    Fall/Spring

    This course is designed as a continuation of PSY 270 . The course will focus on the experimental method and relevant statistical analysis used in psychology (correlation, z-test, t-test, ANOVA’s, etc.). Prerequisite: PSY 270  or permission of instructor.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 307 Cognitive Psychology

    Fall/Spring

    This course studies, in detail, those mental processes and structures that compose the human cognitive system. The course will view cognitive psychology as the coordinated operation of mental processes within a multicomponent memory system. Topics include memory processes and theories, conscious processing, knowledge representation, and storage and retrieval of memory. Recent research findings and issues related to human memory are stressed. Prerequisite: PSY 100 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 309 Theories of Learning



    This course takes a theoretical approach to learning, employing viewpoints from traditional learning theory. Classic questions in the field of human learning are explored. Prerequisite: PSY 100  or BIO 220/221 .  

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 310 Brain and Behavior

    Fall

    This course applies the physiological foundations that have been discussed in the prerequisite courses to examine neural processes underlying sensation, movement, sleep, and other complex behaviors. Students will also learn about modern methods in neuroscience. In addition to examining neuroscientific data and methods, this course also emphasizes the development of skills necessary to interpret and communicate complex scientific information at a lay level. As such, students will work throughout the term to develop a brain outreach activity designed to teach local children about the brain and behavior. Students will conduct this brain outreach at the conclusion of the term. Prerequisite: PSY 100  

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 313/314 Applied Behavioral Neuroscience



    This course will explore advanced aspects of Biopsychology using hands-on laboratory exposure to common Behavioral Neuroscience methodology.  Students will participate in learning opportunities meant to enhance understanding of methodological principles and experimental design.  Course activities will include conducting group or independent experiments that illustrate the connection between physiological processes and behavior, and students will be expected to write laboratory reports.  This course includes a complementary lecture course to the Applied Behavioral Neuroscience course and will provide students with the opportunity to learn advanced principles of a range of topics, including psychopharmacology, neuroanatomy, experimental design, and the methods and confounds common to Behavioral Neuroscience. Prerequisite:   or BIO 150/151 .

    4 credit hours
  
  • PSY 321 Developmental Science

    Fall/Spring

    An in-depth examination of the contemporary theories and research in developmental science is the focus of this course. The entire lifespan, conception through death, will be explored. Prerequisite: PSY 200 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 330 Adult Psychopathology

    Fall/Spring

    This course is for Psychology majors to better understand the concept of psychopathology as the main focus of the mental health professions. Focus will be placed on understanding the construct of a psychological disorder, different perspectives and systems by which disorders can be diagnosed and classified, and symptom patterns of major categories of psychological disorders affecting the adult population. Throughout the course particular attention will be given to salient issues in the field and a multidimensional perspective on the etiology of psychological disorders will be encouraged. Prerequisite: PSY 200 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 331 Child Psychopathology

    Spring Semester Even Years

    This course will serve as a supplemental course in psychopathology. Focus will be placed on psychological disorders of childhood and adolescence, including understanding different perspectives from which disorders can be diagnosed and classified, recognizing how these disorders fall outside the range of developmental norms and appreciating the symptom presentation, diagnostic strategies, and treatment of psychopathology in youth. Prerequisite: PSY 321  and PSY 330  or permission of instructor.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 370 Design and Analysis III

    Fall/Spring

    This course provides students with the opportu­nity to apply the statistical and research techniques presented in PSY 270  and PSY 271 . Students are responsible for writing an APA-style report and for oral presentation of original research. The research design may be experimental, quasi-experimental, or correlational. Statistical techniques covered in  PSY 271 , such as ANOVAs and correlational analyses, may be used. Emphasis will also be placed upon critical reading and analysis of scientific research. Prerequisite: PSY 271  or permission of instructor.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 375-399 Special Topics in Psychology



    These courses are designed to enable students, particularly Psychology majors, to focus on special topics or issues in the field of psychology. Topics in these courses will vary permitting students and faculty to focus upon areas of special interest or upon unique areas in the field. Each topic is offered infrequently. Prerequisite: PSY 100 ; additional prerequisites may apply, depending upon the topic.

    1-3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 421 Psychology Cooperative Internship

    Fall/Spring/Summer

    An internship is designed to make the academic work more meaningful by providing exposure to real-world experiences in psychology. An internship also provides an opportunity to explore job possibilities within the psychology field. Prerequisite: Approval of the instructor; completed application by the following dates: Fall-August 1, Spring-December 15, Summer-May 15 (dates roughly correspond to the end of the semester before the internship will take place). Students are required to spend a minimum of 120 hours work on site. Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 422 Psychology Cooperative Internship

    Fall/Spring/Summer

    This class provides the opportunity for an additional internship experience. The requirements are the same as the requirements stated in PSY 421 . Prerequisite: PSY 421 ; approval of the instructor; completed application by the following dates: Fall-August 1, Spring-December 15, Summer-May 15 (dates roughly correspond to the end of the semester before the internship will take place). Students are required to spend a minimum of 120 hours work on site. Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 431 Psychology Teaching Practicum

    Fall/Spring

    This course provides an opportunity for the advanced Psychology student to assist a member of the Psychology faculty in a Psychology course. Prerequisite: 60 credits, GPA 3.0 or higher, and permission of instructor.

    1 credit hour
  
  • PSY 432 Psychology Teaching Practicum II

    Fall/Spring

    This course provides an additional opportunity for the advanced student to assist a member of the Psychology faculty in a Psychology course. Prerequisite: PSY 431 , GPA 3.0 or higher, and permission of instructor.

    1 credit hour
  
  • PSY 440 Personality



    This course presents a critical survey of the theories of personality and an exploration of individual differences in personality. Each theory is explored in terms of its origin, application, and empirical validity. Students have the opportunity to complete personal application exercises. Topics include: personality development, continuity, and change; the effects of biology, evolution, social experience, cognitive processing, and self-determination on personality; the expression of personality in behavior and trait; and personal need classifications. Prerequisite: PSY 100   and successful completion of 60 credits or permission of instructor.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 441 Counseling Theories in Psychology

    Fall Semester Even Years

    This course explores the major theoretical perspectives that provide the foundation for the contemporary practice of psychotherapy. In addition, factors that are common to all therapies will be explored with the goal of providing an integrative framework for therapy that cuts across theoretical orientations. Throughout the course attention will be given to salient issues that influence the field. Prerequisite: PSY 330 , a minimum of 60 credits completed.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 472 History and Systems of Psychology



    This course presents an analysis of the historical background and present systems in the field of psychology. Emphasis is placed on integrating coursework into a historical perspective. Prerequisite: 9 credits of Psychology at the 300 level or higher.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 490 Senior Capstone in Psychology

    Fall/Spring

    The capstone course in psychology is designed to provide the graduating senior with an integrating experience. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, evaluation, and research.  Enrollment by instructor only. Prerequisite: Senior Status.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 498 Independent Study in Psychology

    Fall/Spring

    The course allows a junior or senior Psychology student the opportunity to engage in self-guided learning related to the psychology field. Examples include, but are not limited to, research studies and in-depth investigations of an area of psychology for which there are no current course offerings. An end of-semester culmination of the learning such as an APA-style paper, must be included in the course proposal. The course must be arranged with a full-time faculty member prior to registering for the course. Prerequisite: 12 additional credits in Psychology, Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1-3 credit hours
  
  • PSY 499 Independent Study in Psychology

    Fall/Spring

    The course allows a junior or senior Psychology student a second opportunity to engage in self-guided learning related to the psychology field. Examples include, but are not limited to, research studies and in-depth investigations of an area of psychology for which there are no current course offerings. An end-of-semester culmination of the learning, such as an APA style paper, must be included in the course proposal. The course must be arranged with a full-time faculty member prior to registering for the course. Prerequisite: PSY 498  Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1-3 credit hours

Public Relations

  
  • PR 221 Introduction to Public Relations

    Fall/Spring

    This course examines theory, strategies, and ethics used in the practice of public relations. Students focus on research, planning, audience reach, and evaluation of public relations in corporate, governmental, educational, and international settings. Students are introduced to written, spoken, and visual communication techniques. Students are evaluated by exams, quizzes, and assignments exploring areas of public relations.

    3 credit hours
  
  • PR 280 Ethics in Strategic Communication



    This course provides a student with an ethical framework for the practice of public relations and strategic communication and a concept of ethical issues surrounding communication activities.  Coursework provides the opportunity to investigate and compare America’s value system with that of other countries, the meaning and values of public relations in a global society, and the relationship between public relations, the media, and business.  You will gain a comprehensive understanding of ethics in communication. Prerequisite: PR 221  or MKT 100 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PR 305 Public Relations Research

    Fall

    This course presents the strategic process of collecting and analyzing information in professional public relations settings.  The practical focus of course assignments will be on using research to solve problems.  Students will be introduced to situation analysis, designing and implementing surveys, interviewing, focus groups, and content analysis. Prerequisite: QBA 260 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PR 321 Writing for Public Relations

    Spring

    This course is designed to develop knowledge, skill, and abilities in the production of public relations materials for print, broadcast, and web-based media. Students are required to produce a portfolio of written materials, which may include media kits, brochures, releases, fact sheets, backgrounders, newsletters, feature articles, speeches, and public service announcements. Students are evaluated by exams and the quality of their written work. This course is cross-listed as CM 321  . Prerequisite: PR 221  and CM 271 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PR 322 Media Relations

    Fall

    This course offers knowledge and skills in understanding local, regional, national, and international media needs, function, and demands; theories and methods in developing news; pitching stories, facilitating and accommodating media in news conference, briefing and on-scene locations. The course will involve developing of media list matrix; coverage planning; sequential time planning, video news release development, production and satellite distribution; on-scene staging, pool coverage, web-based media support, coverage measurement and cost benefit analysis, audience analysis. This course is cross-listed as CM 322  . Prerequisite: PR 221  and PR 321 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PR 380 PR Cases

    Fall

    This course provides an in-depth study of the strategic planning process used in developing, implementing, and evaluating public relations programs to achieve organizational objectives. Award-winning public relations strategies are analyzed to determine how practitioners solve problems in a variety of situations. Students develop a strategic plan as a group project. Prerequisite: PR 221 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • PR 421 Public Relations Campaigns

    Spring

    Students work as agency groups responsible for the development of a public relations campaign for a client organization. Students are evaluated by assessment of campaigns and related presentations. Prerequisite: PR 321 PR 380  , and the completion of 90 credit hours

    3 credit hours
  
  • PR 423 Crisis Communications Management

    Spring

    This course is designed to help prepare future public relations managers to plan for and to manage communications for organizations during a crisis. Topics include: defining and identifying types of crises, developing communications plans for crises, defining and understanding the roles of risk management and issues management, and learning techniques for managing communications before, during, and after a crisis event. Students will develop a crisis communication plan. This course is cross-listed as CM 423  . Prerequisite: PR 380 .

    3 credit hours

Quantitative Business

  
  • QBA 260 Data Driven Decision Making

    Fall/Spring

    This is an introductory course in statistics, the study of proper methods of presenting data and of interpreting sample data based on probability theory. Coverage includes descriptive statistics, probability and probability distributions, and interval estimation and hypothesis testing of means and proportions. A statistical software package is introduced in this course. Prerequisite: IFS 105 , MAT 102  or MAT 105  or MAT 120  or MAT 171  

    3 credit hours
 

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