Apr 19, 2024  
2020-2021 Undergraduate Catalog 
    
2020-2021 Undergraduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


 

Art

  
  • ART 441 Senior Portfolio and Exhibition/Graphic Design

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is taken during senior year and is required of Graphic Design majors. The purpose of the review is to provide an opportunity for self-evaluation and professional evaluation, and to prepare the student for entry into professional fields or graduate study. Students also participate in the Senior Art Majors Exhibition. Senior Graphic Design majors only.

    1 credit hour
  
  • ART 450 Art Internship

    Fall-Spring-Summer Semesters

    The purpose of the internship is to provide students with practical training in art and art-related fields in a professional environment, either on or off-campus. Responsibilities vary according to placement as determined by the work supervisors of the sponsoring agency and faculty coordinator. The Art Internship is ideal for students seeking to broaden their studio art experiences and explore career interests. On-campus internship opportunities include placement at the York College Galleries. Prerequisite: Students are required to spend a minimum of 120 hours work on site. Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    3 credit hours
  
  • ART 451 Art Internship

    Fall-Spring-Summer Semesters

    The purpose of the internship is to provide students with practical training in art and art-related fields in a professional environment, either on or off-campus. Responsibilities vary according to placement as determined by the work supervisors of the sponsoring agency and faculty coordinator. The Art Internship is ideal for students seeking to broaden their studio art experiences and explore career interests. On-campus internship opportunities include placement at the York College Galleries. Prerequisite: Students are required to spend a minimum of 120 hours work on site. Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    3 credit hours
  
  • ART 498 Independent Study

    Fall-Spring-Summer Semesters

    These courses provide an opportunity for the student to undertake a well-defined independent project in fine art, graphic design, or art history. While the student conducts the work under the guidance of a faculty member of the student’s choosing, the project is carried out in an independent manner without regular class meetings. Effective independent study is characterized by reduction in formal instruction and an increase in the individual’s responsibility and initiative in the learning process. Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1 to 3 credit hours
  
  • ART 499 Independent Study

    Fall-Spring-Summer Semesters

    These courses provide an opportunity for the student to undertake a well-defined independent project in fine art, graphic design, or art history. While the student conducts the work under the guidance of a faculty member of the student’s choosing, the project is carried out in an independent manner without regular class meetings. Effective independent study is characterized by reduction in formal instruction and an increase in the individual’s responsibility and initiative in the learning process. Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1 to 3 credit hours

Behavioral Sciences

  
  • BEH 260 Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is designed to prepare the student for the application of elementary statistical tools to laboratory/field research projects and journal projects/publication preparation. Topics include descriptive statistics as tools to summarize and describe groups of data, inferential statistics including parametric and non-parametric hypotheses testing as tools for making inferences about population from samples. Students who have taken MAT 250  or QBA 260  are not permitted to take this course.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BEH 498 Independent Study

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    The Independent Study Program affords an opportunity for the student who wishes to undertake a well-defined research project. While the student conducts his work under the guidance of a faculty member of his own choosing, the project is carried out in an independent manner without regular class meetings. Effective independent study is characterized by a reduction in formal instruction and an increase in the individual student’s responsibility and initiative in the learning process. Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1-3 credit hours each semester
  
  • BEH 499 Independent Study

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    The Independent Study Program affords an opportunity for the student who wishes to undertake a well-defined research project. While the student conducts his work under the guidance of a faculty member of his own choosing, the project is carried out in an independent manner without regular class meetings. Effective independent study is characterized by a reduction in formal instruction and an increase in the individual student’s responsibility and initiative in the learning process. Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1-3 credit hours each semester

Biological Sciences

  
  • BIO 101 Biology Orientation

    Fall and Spring

    This course is designed for first-year Biology majors.  This course introduces the independent research thesis project that is a part of the biology curriculum, and provides students with an opportunity to learn about potential projects and mentors.  This course also provides an introduction to careers and professionalism for biology majors, and students will reflect on short-term and long-term goals while making an academic plan.

    1 credit hour
  
  • BIO 112 Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is designed for the non-Biology major who has an interest in how and why the human animal works. Emphasis is placed on the structures and functions of the major organ-systems of the body. Topics also include the physiochemical basis of life as well as cell and tissue structure. Laboratories involve microscopy, models, and dissection to allow a practical, “hands-on” approach to the concepts covered in lecture. 2 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO113).

    3 credit hours
  
  • BIO 142 Molecules, Genes and Cells

    Fall and Spring Semesters

    This course will provide Biology majors with a foundation in cellular and molecular biology with an emphasis on core concepts including structure and function of macromolecules, information flow, evolution, metabolism, and cellular reproduction.  Core competencies will center on the process of science, quantitative reasoning, and communication.  Students will learn key molecular biological techniques while working collaboratively on experimental design in a lab setting.

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 150/151 Introduction to Molecular Biology

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This introductory level course is intended for Nursing, Allied Health and other STEM majors and introduces the principles for molecular and cellular biology. The flow of life-sustaining energy is studied in the context of molecular and cellular structure. The structure and function of DNA and the mechanism by which genetic information is inherited, utilized, and experimentally manipulated are covered. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO151).

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 152 Evolution, Ecology and Diversity

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course will provide Biology majors with a foundation in evolution, ecology and diversity, with an emphasis on core concepts including natural selection, origin of species, phylogeny, population ecology and community ecology.  Core competencies will center on the process of science, quantitative reasoning, and communication.  Students will learn key field and laboratory techniques while working collaboratively on experimental design.  3 hours lecture.  1 three-hour laboratory. Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 201 Medical Terminology

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is an introduction to the specialized language of medicine through the study of Greek and Latin prefixes, suffixes, and root words. Students will develop a familiarity with highly technical and specialized terminology.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BIO 202 Concepts in Pharmacology

    Fall Semester

    This course is an introduction to concepts of pharmacology. It is designed to provide the student with knowledge of basic pharmacological terminology and concepts, drug categories, mechanisms of drug action, drug forms, routes of administration, and common generic and proprietary name medications. This knowledge base is then applied clinically to analysis of health information and diagnostic and procedure coding. Prerequisite: BIO 201 .

    1 credit hour
  
  • BIO 203 Pathophysiology

    Spring Semester

    Basic human physiology and its application to the disease process is reviewed in this course. The course covers the etiology, pathology, clinical signs, and symptoms as well as treatment and prevention of common inpatient and outpatient diseases and conditions. Prerequisite: BIO 201 , or permission of instructor.

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 204 Exploring Biology

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is an introduction to laboratory science for non-biology majors.  This course is designed to increase critical thinking and problem-solving skills and to help students gain confidence in evaluating scientific issues that they will encounter throughout their lives.  We will address a wide variety of current topics related to molecular biology, evolution, and ecology.  Students will actively participate in the process of building knowledge in the field of biology by working in collaborative groups, solving realistic problems, and communicating information in different ways.  Throughout the course, students will apply the scientific method by designing and conducting experiments and interpreting quantitative data.  2 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory.

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies ADR III.
    Satisfies Disciplinary Perspectives - Natural/Physical Sciences for “Generation Next”
  
  • BIO 210 Introduction to Marine Biology

    Fall Semesters

    This course takes an ecological approach to studying marine biology by focusing on the environmental characteristics, adaptations of organisms, and the communities found in the major marine ecosystems such as rocky shore, estuary, salt marsh, sandy beach, and coral reef. The course places more emphasis on the biotic communities found in each of these environments rather than the chemical and physical aspects of those environments. The impact of humans’ influence on these environments is also studied. Not open to high school students. 2 hours lecture. Lab consists of field trips/TBA (BIO211).

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies Constellations - Environmental Sustainability and Community Engagement for “Generation Next”
  
  • BIO 212 Environmental Biology

    Fall Semester

    This course is an introduction to applied ecology for non-majors. Class meetings review basic biological and ecological principles, including ecological efficiency, nutrient cycling, biological diversity, and population growth. Past and current environmental issues, such as resource use and pollution, are examined in light of ecological principles.  This class will be of interest to Education and Recreation majors, as well as Civil Engineering majors.  BIO 150/151  or BIO 204  recommended, but not required. Dissection is not a part of this course. 

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies Constellation - Environmental Sustainability for “Generation Next”
  
  • BIO 216 Unseen Life

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is designed for non-biology majors, and will introduce the student to the study of living organisms that can only be viewed with a microscope.  Microorganisms represent the foundation of all life on earth, and furthermore microbial life has been found in virtually all environments on Earth.  In this course, students will explore the science of Microbiology as it applies to everyday life, in particular the impact that microbes have on society at large from clinical, historical, and economic perspectives,  Students will also gain knowledge of the nature of science, and develop critical thinking skills through scientific inquiry.  

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies ADR III.
    Satisfies Constellations - Health & Wellness and Science & Technology for “Generation Next”
  
  • BIO 218 Plants and People

    Spring Semester

    This course provides non-science majors with a unique opportunity to study the interrelationship between plants and their environments within several different ecosystems.  An introduction to the plant kingdom, vegetation types, biodiversity and plant adaptations will be presented. Students will explore the critical role that people play in influencing the intricate relationships between plants and their environments from an informed, historical, environmental, scientific, and global perspective.  Sustainable solutions for preserving a balance between plants, people and their environment will be examined. 2 hours lecture, laboratory study abroad/field trips TBA.

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies Constellations - Environmental Sustainability and Globalization for “Generation Next”
  
  • BIO 220/221 Human Anatomy and Physiology I

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is recommended for students seeking careers in health-related fields. A study of the structure and function of the human body is offered utilizing a systems approach. Emphasis is placed on the gross and microscopic anatomy as well as the physiology of the cell, integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, and nervous system. Dissection is required. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO221). Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 222/223 Human Anatomy and Physiology II

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    As a continuation of BIO 220/221 , emphasis is placed on the gross and microscopic anatomy as well as the physiology of the cardiovascular, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, endocrine, and digestive systems. Dissection is required. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO223). Prerequisite: Completion of BIO 220/221  with a 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 224 Plant and Animal Physiology

    Fall and Spring

    This course examines the structure and function of plants and animals.  By examining challenges for survival from an evolutionary perspective, you will learn how multicellular organisms integrate cellular, biochemical and genetic processes to survive and thrive.  Topics covered will include: homeostasis, nutrient acquisition, responses to the environment, waste elimination, and reproduction.  Lectures will employ case studies and problem-based activities to expand on the concepts being covered.  Labs will include experimental design and data presentation.  Labs may also include dissection. Prerequisite: BIO 152  with a grade of 2.0 or better Corequisite: BIO225

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 226 Food and Nutrition

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    Students in this course will study normal nutrition in a broad society context and learn to incorporate practical nutritional information into their day-to-day life.  This nutrition course covers such topics as composition of food groups, nutrition and disease prevention, body size and weight management, sports and fitness, nutrition throughout the life cycle, and the safety and security of the world’s food supply.  The course emphasizes an understanding of today’s food and eating trends and gives students the capacity to intelligently evaluate all available sources of nutrition information and make informed decisions.

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies Constellations - Children and the Family and Health and Wellness for “Generation Next”
  
  • BIO 230/231 Microbiology for Allied Health

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    The course is primarily the study of organisms which can only be seen with a microscope. The goal of this course is to provide a basic understanding of the principles and techniques of microbiology. This will equip students with knowledge of the practice of microbiology that can be beneficial and useful in their professional and personal lives. This course will emphasize and illustrate in a practical manner microbiological principles using pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, from a public health viewpoint. This course is designed using the learning goals and curriculum guidelines from the American Society of Microbiology recommended for nursing and allied health students. This course counts as a free elective for Biology majors, and may not be used to fulfill an upper-division elective. Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151  with a grade of 2.0 or higher

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 234 Evolution and Biodiversity

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    Students in this laboratory science course will study the development of evolution as a scientific concept from before the time of Charles Darwin until present day.  Sociological, cultural and historical contexts will be used to consider how the theory and mechanisms were developed over time.  This course will use the framework of evolution and natural selection to explore the origin and diversification of the major Kingdoms of organisms on the planet.  Indoor and field-based labs will apply current scientific methods and protocols to examine common local species and their adaptions to the environment.  Dissection will not be a part of this course. 2 hours lecture with 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO235).

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies Constellation - Science and Technology for “Generation Next”
  
  • BIO 236 Genetics and Society

    Spring Semester

    This course traces the history of genetics from ancient theories of inheritance through to modern research, discussing the impact that these discoveries have had on society.  Students will improve their understanding of both molecular and Mendelian genetics through problem solving and discussions of genetic technologies.  Particular emphasis will be placed on applications to medicine and agriculture, and ethical issues in genetics will be discussed throughout.

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies Constellations - Health and Wellness and Science and Technology for “Generation Next”
  
  • BIO 240/241 Genetics

    Fall-Spring Semester

    The basic principles of Mendelian, non-Mendelian, and molecular genetics are considered in this course. The structure and function of the gene, patterns of inheritance, gene interaction, and gene regulation are discussed. The laboratory component emphasizes molecular biology and experimental approaches to genetics. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO241). Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 290 Biostatistics

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course provides a foundation in how to apply statistical methods to address questions in biological research. We will focus on topics that are fundamental to analyzing biological data, including experimental design, displaying data, probability theory, estimation of population means and proportions, and statistical hypothesis testing (contingency analysis, t-tests, non-parametric methods, analysis of variance, and linear regression). Students will develop quantitative, critical thinking, and writing skills by applying statistical techniques to analyze data sets and communicate the results using a scientific format. Student projects will emphasize statistical analysis with computer software and written communication. Prerequisite: BIO 142  and BIO 152  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BIO 300 Terrestrial Ecology



    This course provides an introduction to the study of the relationships of organisms to their environment and each other as a means for understanding their distribution and abundance. Topics of study include: autecology (dispersal, habitat selection, abiotic tolerances), population dynamics (structure, growth, life history variation), community ecology (species diversity, equilibrium, succession) and species interactions (competition, predation). Both field-based laboratories and lecture material focus on developing skills in observation, logical scientific inquiry, and written reports. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO301). Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 302 Zoology



    This course is a continuation of the animal biology introduced in BIO 152 . The focus is on the general structural and functional biology of the higher invertebrates and the vertebrates. Laboratories include both comparative histology and anatomy and also data-oriented experiments involving animal behavior and physiology. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO303). Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 304 Botany



    This course will provide an introduction to the structure, function, taxonomy, systematics and ecology of vascular and non-vascular plants. The diversity and success of plants will be explored through their evolutionary adaptations to the environment and their ecological interactions with a variety of taxonomic groups. Field and greenhouse based labs will focus on taxonomy, physiology and ecology. Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 306 Animal Behavior



    This course is an introduction to the behavior of wild animals in their natural environments. Behavioral adaptations are viewed in terms of possible evolutionary costs and benefits. Mechanisms behind behaviors are explored with an emphasis on neural and endocrine organization. Laboratory involves independent research projects in both lab and field settings. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO307). Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 308 Animal Physiology



    This course presents principles of animal physiology with an emphasis on the functional biology of vertebrate and higher invertebrate animals. Physiological systems are discussed as evolutionary adaptations to environmental challenges. The laboratory stresses the collection, analysis, and reporting of experimental data. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO309).  Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 320 Understanding Your Brain

    Spring Semester

    The brain is regarded as the most complex machine in the world.  It allows us to think, remember, move and more.  This course will cover the core concepts of neurobiology including the anatomy of the brain, neural circuitry, and the cells that make up the nervous system.  The biological basis of brain disease and disorders will be discussed and connection will be made to other disciplines.  Students will engage in real-life medical cases and evaluate recent scientific findings in the field of neurobiology.  BIO 204  is recommended, but not required.

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies Constellation - Health and Wellness for “Generation Next”
  
  • BIO 324 Marine Ecology of the Chesapeake Bay



    The goal of this course is to provide an in-depth understanding of marine ecology using examples from the Chesapeake  Bay environment. Topics covered will include the history of the bay, hydrography, plankton ecology, bottom communities, fisheries, and human impacts on the bay. The laboratory component will include  independent research on topics related to Chesapeake Bay ecology as well as a weekend field trip to the Bay. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO325). Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 330 Microbiology



    This course is the study of all aspects of the life around us which cannot be seen without the use of a microscope. This category includes bacteria, fungi, protists and viruses, which exist in invisible networks affecting global cycles, public health, and industrial and agricultural practices. The study of microbiology also offers us a myriad of tools, models, and reductionist systems useful to any biologist, from genetics to cell biology to ecology. This course is intended to be frequently participatory, with heavy emphasis on dialogue and discussion, with laboratory instruction of a mixture of basic techniques and hypothesis driven experimental design covering the breadth of the field. Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 332/333 Developmental Biology

    Spring Semester

    This course will focus on the development of animals viewed through the lenses of genetics, molecular biology, cell biology, and evolutionary biology. Students will study classical and modern experiments that serve as the foundation of our knowledge of developmental biology, along with the primary model organisms used for developmental biology research. Topics will include fertilization, stem cells, intercellular signaling, regulation of gene expression, cell migration, regeneration, aging, teratogens, and evolutionary developmental biology. Where relevant, ethical considerations will be discussed. In addition, techniques such as transgenics, knockouts, cloning, gene silencing, and genetic screens will be discussed. A primary focus will be on analysis of experimental design and data, and students will be expected to synthesize and present scientific literature through oral presentations and written essay. The laboratory will introduce students to basic developmental biology techniques through the use of several model organisms, and will include an independent research project. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory.   Prerequisite: BIO 290  and BIO 240/241  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 350/351 Biochemistry I



    This course is an introduction to the composition of and interactions between molecules of biological significance, including nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. The course is taught with an emphasis on the structure-function relationship of each molecule with regard to supporting life. Coordinated labs utilize modern as well as classical biochemical techniques to reinforce lecture concepts. 3 lecture hours and 1 three-hour lab.  Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151  with a grade of 2.0 or higher and CHM 234/235 . BIO 240/241  is recommended.

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 352 Biochemistry II



    This course is a continuation of BIO 350/351  that explores in greater detail the role of carbohydrates, lipids, and glycoconjugates in membrane structures and metabolism. The course is taught with an emphasis on the structure-function relationship of each molecule with regard to supporting life, including discussions of medically relevant diseases associated with these molecules. Coordinated labs utilize modern as well as classical biochemical techniques to reinforce lecture concepts. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO353). Prerequisite: BIO 350/351  with a grade of 2.0 or higher. BIO 240/241  is recommended.

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 354/355 Immunology



    This course provides an introduction to the basic principles of immunology, including the areas of innate and adaptive immunity, antigen-antibody interactions, the role of immunology in health and disease, as well as its uses in laboratory analyses. In the laboratory students utilize the techniques of serology, cell biology, and biochemistry to study the immunology of animal models. Written and oral reports are an essential part of both the lecture and laboratory components of the course. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO355). Prerequisite: BIO 142  or BIO 150/151  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 358 Cell and Molecular Biology



    This course examines the molecular mechanisms of eukaryotic cell function. The relationship between form and function at the molecular and cellular level are discussed from topics ranging from transcription to cellular signaling. The laboratory component provides the students with experience in modern molecular techniques used to study cellular function. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO359). Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 360 Neurobiology



    This course is designed to allow the student to explore the biological basis of brain function, including the organization and anatomy of the mammalian brain, electrical and chemical signaling of nerve cells, plasticity of neural circuits, and early brain development. The laboratory component will include investigations of neural circuits, electrical properties of neurons, and molecular biological approaches to studying neural organization and function to reinforce concepts introduced in the lecture course. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO361). Prerequisite:  BIO 240/241 BIO 390  or PSY 270  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 364 Virology



    This course will emphasize the unifying principles that describe the propagation of all viruses. Unity in diversity can be seen even in the smallest forms of life-viruses. Viruses infect everything from humans to bacteria to other viruses, and yet their strategies for survival and propagation are remarkably similar. Topics covered will include viral genomes, virus structure, infectious cycles, and virus-host interactions. Viruses of current interest will be discussed (e.g. HIV, influenza). In addition, we will consider the roles of viruses in evolution and oncogenesis, emerging viral infections, and biomedical applications utilizing viruses. Students should expect to critically analyze scientific literature, design and perform original research, and show proficiency in oral and written communication skills. Prerequisite: BIO 290  and BIO 350/351  is recommended

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 370 Evolutionary Biology



    This course examines the fundamental evolutionary processes by which the diversity of life on Earth is explained. Topics include the history of evolutionary thought, mechanisms of natural selection, violations of Hardy-Weinberg, population genetics, phylogenetic trees, the formation and evolution of species, and critical thinking on how to study evolutionary change. Students work with living organisms during lab to generate biological evolution. Computer simulations are used to reinforce concepts from lecture and lab. 3 hours lecture. 1 three-hour laboratory (BIO371). Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 372 Conservation Biology



    This course will integrate principles of ecology, genetics, and evolution as they relate to the current global crisis of diminished biological diversity.  We will evaluate major problems related to protection and restoration of biological diversity using an interdisciplinary approach.  Solving conservation problems requires a strong foundation in scientific thinking and innovation that comes from synthesizing multiple perspectives.  Therefore, we will also consider sociology, economics, ethics, and policy as we tackle major global and local causes of extinction and the possible solutions.  Students will critically read and discuss scientific literature, design research, interpret and analyze data using advanced quantitative techniques, evaluate case studies, and develop writing skills. Prerequisite: BIO 290  

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 390 Biology Communication

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course will prepare students for BIO 400 Biology Thesis .  Students will be guided in activities that improve information literacy in Biology and development of rhetorical, written communication skills. This skill development is targeted to prepare students for executing a research project or refining a research proposal in BIO 391 Biology Practicum .  Students will also participate in professional development workshops and use academic and professional work standards to create meaningful career documents.  Prerequisite: FCO 105   and BIO 290 .  Biology majors only. 

    2 credit hours
  
  • BIO 391 Biology Practicum

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is designed to support and guide students in the execution of a previously designed research proposal (BIO 390). During this course, students will work closely with research mentor and faculty members to 1) execute, collect, analyze and interpret research data or 2) critically evaluate and refine a professional grant proposal. Students will document and reflect on their progress and orally present the results of their research to ensure preparedness for the Senior Thesis (BIO 400) capstone experience. Prerequisite: BIO 390  

    1 credit hour
  
  • BIO 400 Biology Thesis

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is the Biology Department’s capstone course that culminates the research series process (BIO 101  , BIO 390 , and BIO 391  ). Students in this course organize and present the data their own previously obtained research data or research proposal as a poster and as a professionally written document.  Students begin the course by presenting a detailed research progress report to a Biology Faculty for evaluation.  The course emphasizes presentation-enhancing computer software, technical aspects of scientific writing, and speakin gbefore critial audiences.  At the end of the semester, the students give oral poster presentations for evaluation by Biology faculty.  Students also submit a professionally written research report or research proposal.  Prior to registering for this course, it is mandatory that at each student has already established an on-going working relationship with a full-time, on-campus member of the Biology faculty and have completed or made substantial progress on the research project or proposal. Prerequisite: BIO 391  

    1 credit hour
  
  • BIO 402 Biological Internship



    This experience is designed to expose the student to the reality of working in a biological field through direct participation. As such, the student engages in meaningful, professional, substantive work experiences related to the students’ scientific interests. Biology internships may involve research with a faculty member, or participation in off-campus workshops or employment. Prerequisite: Students are required to spend a minimum of 120 hours work on site. Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application and departmental approval.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BIO 404 Ecological Action

    Spring Semester

    This course will engage students in the intersection of ecology, environmental science, and society.  Students will work in teams to integrate the knowledge and skills they have acquired at York College to investigate a specific ecological problem in our local community.  Some examples of potential projects that the class could address are stream restoration, developing species management plans, or using technology to monitor populations.  Teams will be actively applying problem-solving strategies, performing background research and collecting and analyzing data using methods from multiple disciplines.  These activities will provide the foundation to evaluate potential solutions.  Each team will present their recommendations to the community as a written plan and oral presentation. Prerequisite: BIO 290 .  Biology majors only.

    4 credit hours
  
  • BIO 406 Independent Study



    This experience allows a student to do biological research under the supervision of a faculty member. Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application and departmental approval.  Students may elect to take a maximum of two semesters up to six credits total.

    1-4 credits
  
  • BIO 408 Independent Study



    This experience allows a student to do biological research under the supervision of a faculty member.  A research proposal developed in the Biology Communication course can be conducted in this course and the results of the study utilized for the Senior Thesis course.  Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application and departmental approval.  Students may elect to take a maximum of two semesters up to six credits total.

    1-4 credits

Business Administration

  
  • BUS 100 Getting to Know the Modern Value Chain

    Fall and Spring Semesters

    An introductory course on the concepts and principles of value chain management.  This course focuses on the development of a supply chain strategy consistent with the overall business strategy and provides students with an overview of the concepts and activities (e.g. strategic sourcing, logistics, warehousing, sustainability, inventory management etc.) needed to manage both service and manufacturing operations.  Special attention is given to the integration of supply chain management with other functional areas in an organization, such as, marketing, human resources, operations, information systems, finance, and accounting.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BUS 150 Introduction to Business

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is intended to give students a foundational understanding of the role and function of the business enterprise. The aspects of business that will be explored include: accounting, finance, leadership, management, marketing, strategy, operations, human resources, organizational behavior, and information systems. Ethics, economics, service/volunteerism, the international marketplace, demand creation, an organization’s value chain, and supply chain management will also be discussed. Students will have multiple opportunities to improve their communication and teamwork skills. Preference will be given to the following majors: undecided business majors, undecided majors, and those other students interested in exploring business careers. Enrollment is limited to students with less than 60 credits completed who have not completed other 100-level and 200-level Business courses.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BUS 260 Legal Environment of Business

    Fall and Spring Semesters

    The legal and regulatory environment of business emphasizes why legal duties are placed on the business community and how managers should appropriately respond to them. This course addresses court structure, constitutional law, common law, public law, contracts and select Uniform Commercial Code Articles.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BUS 275 Big Data and Visual Analytics



    This course provides an overview of current topics in Big Data with corresponding technologies to organize and present Big Data. Excel and other third party software will be introduced.  The objective of this course is to train students to use appropriate tools to organize data and visualize information to explore managerial insights from Big Data; and then be able to create an effective storytelling presentation to deliver findings for data driven decision making.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BUS 350 Management of Not-for-Profit Operations

    Spring Semester

    This course will examine the management of not-for-profit institutions. It will examine the necessary skill sets needed for effective management of these types of organizations. In addition, time will be spent developing an understanding of the differences between not-for-profit and for-profit organizations and the unique skill sets required for managing a not-for-profit. This course will use case studies, films and selected readings to allow students to develop their competency in managing not-for-profit organizations, including churches, hospitals and universities, among others. Prerequisite: MGT 150  with a grade of 2.0 or higher

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies Constellations - Community Engagement and Leadership and Professional Development for “Generation Next”
  
  • BUS 360 Business and Commercial Law

    Fall and Spring Semesters

    This course is an advanced study for students seeking a career requiring a more in-depth understanding of Business Law. Topics include debtor-creditor relations, commercial paper, government regulation of business, agency, partnership, joint ventures, corporations, professional and legal responsibility, business structure, secured transactions, and bankruptcy. Prerequisite: Completion of BUS 260  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BUS 490 Business Internship

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    A business internship is a short-term, business-related work experience designed to allow students to gain meaningful, pre-professional work experience in their field of study prior to graduation. Internships require students to meet periodically with a faculty supervisor, provide a written deliverable, and participate in an end-of-internship evaluation. Prerequisite: Junior standing and departmental approval of each student participant’s individual program. Students are required to spend a minimum of 120 hours work on site. Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application. Grading will be pass/fail.

    3 credit hours each semester
  
  • BUS 491 Business Internship

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    A business internship is a short-term, business-related work experience designed to allow students to gain meaningful, pre-professional work experience in their field of study prior to graduation. Internships require students to meet periodically with a faculty supervisor, provide a written deliverable, and participate in an end-of-internship evaluation. Prerequisite: Junior standing and departmental approval of each student participant’s individual program. Students are required to spend a minimum of 120 hours work on site. Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application. Grading will be pass/fail.

    3 credit hours each semester
  
  • BUS 494 Integrated Business Experience



    This course engages students in action research to refine their business skills. College faculty and business mentors guide students in a comprehensive hands-on evaluation of an organization to gain greater understanding of optimal business flow and function. The three types of business strategy (corporate, competitive, and functional) are the lens for the course. Skill development includes environmental scanning, SWOT analysis, activity mapping, core competency assessment, performance metric identification, leadership methods, customer/market/IT systems, and regulatory compliance.

    A key element of this course is the mentor experience where students working in a group analyze and evaluate an organization in real time.  In addition, a research and communication lab is required.

    A grade of 2.0 or higher is required in this course. Prerequisite: FIN 300  with grades of 2.0 or higher and senior standing in a business major

    3 credit hours

  
  • BUS 495 Business Strategy and Policy

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    A capstone course that examines the policy-making and planning process from the general management perspective. This course provides a dynamic, practical, hands-on approach that immerses students in the analysis, decisions, and actions that managers take in creating a sustainable competitive advantage for their organization. It is designed to: (1) integrate business learning that has occurred across the course of the students undergraduate experience; (2) teach students how organizations interact with their external and internal environments and (3) provide students with exposure to relevant, contemporary business topics through periodic presentations by local business professionals. This is a writing/communication-intensive course. Students enrolled in this course during the fall and spring semesters are required to take a comprehensive examination in business. A grade of 2.0 or higher is required in this course to graduate. Prerequisite: Senior standing, completion of 90 credits and completion of ACC 225 , BUS 260 , ECO 201 , FIN 300 , IFS 305 , MGT 150 , SCM 300 , MKT 100 , QBA 265  with grades of 2.0 or higher.

    3 credit hours
  
  • BUS 498 Independent Study



    The Independent Study Program affords an opportunity for the student who wishes to undertake a well-defined research project. While the student conducts his work under the guidance of a faculty member of his own choosing, the project is carried out in an independent manner without regular class meetings. Effective independent study is characterized by a reduction informal instruction and an increase in the individual student’s responsibility and initiative in the learning process. Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1-3 credit hours each semester
  
  • BUS 499 Independent Study



    The Independent Study Program affords an opportunity for the student who wishes to undertake a well-defined research project. While the student conducts his work under the guidance of a faculty member of his own choosing, the project is carried out in an independent manner without regular class meetings. Effective independent study is characterized by a reduction informal instruction and an increase in the individual student’s responsibility and initiative in the learning process. Prerequisite: Students must have earned 60 or more credits and a minimum of 2.5 cumulative grade point average at the time of application.

    1-3 credit hours each semester

Chemistry

  
  • CHM 100 Chemistry Seminar Series

    Fall Semester

    This course will introduce Chemistry and Forensic Chemistry majors to topics related to the practice of Chemistry as a profession.  We will cover details and background material which will enable you to understand the significance of current research projects and internships which are ongoing in the department.  You will gain practical information about how to become a lab assistant, a research assistant, and intern, and the importance of networking at regional and national meetings.  Discussion topics may also include issues of current interest to chemists including environmental chemistry, the chemistry of new materials, and historical developments in chemistry.

    0.5 credit hour
  
  • CHM 102 Chemistry Seminar Series

    Spring Semester

    This course is a continuation of the chemistry seminar series.  Students will gain familiarity with the chemistry program at YCP and develop career goals in the chemistry profession.  The ability to participate in scientific discussions and work together on curricular activities will be gained.  Students will engage with chemistry majors on all levels about current research projects and internships.  Grade method:  Pass/Fail.

    0.5 credit hour
  
  • CHM 106 Chemistry Recitation

    Fall Semester

    This course is an introduction to fundamental chemical principles, specifically designed to help students establish algebra skills, foundational chemistry vocabulary, and pertinent study skills in order to be successful in any 100-level chemistry course.  Topics include calculator math, unit conversation, states of matter, atoms, molecules, simple reactions, and the mole, as well as test-taking skills, practicing chemistry, and improving confidence in chemistry. Corequisite: Must be enrolled in another 100-level chemistry course.

    1 credit hour
  
  • CHM 122/123 Principles of General and Organic Chemistry

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is designed specifically for majors requiring a single semester of chemistry as a continuation from high school chemistry. The course emphasizes general chemistry principles that are essential to continuing study in the health sciences. The course includes a brief introduction to organic functional groups. 3 lecture hours and 1 three-hour lab.

    4 credit hours
  
  • CHM 130 First-year Chemistry Colloquium



    This course will introduce Chemistry and Forensic Chemistry majors to topics related to the practice of chemistry as a profession. Students will learn details and background material that will enable them to understand the significance of current research projects and internships that are ongoing in the department. Students will gain practical information about how to become a lab assistant, a research assistant, an intern, and the importance of networking at regional and national meetings. Discussion topics will also include issues of current interest to chemists including environmental chemistry, chemistry of new materials, nuclear chemistry, and electrochemistry. 1 three-hour class period.

    1 credit hour
  
  • CHM 134/135 General Chemistry I

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This introductory Chemistry course is recommended for all science and Engineering majors as well as Clinical Lab Science, Pre-medical, Pre-dental, Pre-veterinary, and Pre-pharmacy majors. The course includes an introduction to stoichiometry, atomic structure, chemical bonding, properties and reactions of inorganic compounds, introductory thermodynamics, acids and bases, and oxidation-reduction reactions. 3 lecture hours and 1 three-hour lab. Prerequisite: Two semesters of high school algebra or the equivalent.

    4 credit hours
  
  • CHM 136/137 General Chemistry II

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    General Chemistry II is a continuation of CHM 134/135 . This semester is a study of gas laws, states of matter, thermodynamics, acids and bases, ionic equilibria, electrochemistry, nuclear chemistry, and descriptive chemistry of the elements.  3 lecture hours and 1 three-hour lab. Prerequisite: CHM 134/135  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • CHM 146/147 Advanced Chemistry II

    Spring Semester

    This course is an advanced version of General Chemistry II suitable for Chemistry and Forensic Chemistry majors, and other science majors with a strong desire to study chemistry. The topics to be studied include an examination of the properties of the different phases of matter, solutions and their properties, rates of reactions and the variables that control them, equilibrium in chemical reactions, acid-base chemistry, an introduction to thermodynamics, and electrochemistry. When possible, connections to upper-level Chemistry courses will be made in order to prepare students for future courses in the Chemistry program. 3 lecture hours and 2 three-hour labs. Prerequisite: CHM 134/135  with a grade of 2.5 or higher.

    5 credit hours
  
  • CHM 150 Introductory Seminar in Computers for Chemists

    Spring Semester

    This course is required for all Chemistry majors (preferably in the freshman or sophomore years). The course is primarily an introduction to computer techniques such as molecular modeling and the use of spreadsheets in chemistry. Freshmen and sophomores will be working together and will engage in discussions concerning the latest developments in software for chemists. The course will involve seminars, demonstrations, and hands-on use of computers. 1 class period.

    1 credit hour
  
  • CHM 152 Introductory Seminar in Chemistry Issues, Ethics, and Experimental Design

    Spring Semester

    This course is required for all Chemistry majors (preferably in the freshman or sophomore years). The course focuses on issues and ethical choices that a professional chemist faces in daily work. Freshmen and sophomores will be working together to develop presentations on relevant topics. The course is primarily discussion based and will include seminars, demonstrations, and outside speakers. 1 class period.

    1 credit hour
  
  • CHM 190 Chemistry Seminar Series

    Fall Semester

    This course builds upon the chemistry seminar series from CHM 102 .  Students will participate in scientific discussions and work together on curricular activities.  Discussion topics will include an in dept analysis of computers in chemistry.  Students will focus on molecular modeling and developing computational skills. Grade method: Pass/Fail. Prerequisite: CHM 102 

    0.5 credit hour
  
  • CHM 192 Chemistry Seminar Series

    Spring Semester

    This course is a continuation of the chemistry seminar series from CHM 190 .  Students will engage with chemistry majors on all levels about current research projects and internships.  A comprehensive look at computational analysis will be performed.  Students will engage with majors on program specific projects.  Grade method: Pass/Fail. Prerequisite: CHM 102 

    0.5 credit hour
  
  • CHM 200 Chemistry Seminar Series

    Fall Semester

    This course builds on the CHM 190  seminar.  The ability to actively engage in scientific discussions and work together on curricular activities will be demonstrated.  Discussion topics will include impacts of chemistry to the modern world, career action plans, and literature analysis.  Grade method: Pass/Fail. Prerequisite: CHM 190 

    0.5 credit hour
  
  • CHM 212 Chemistry Seminar Series

    Spring Semester

    This course builds on CHM 200  in the chemistry seminar series.  Students will interact with chemistry majors on all levels about current research projects and internships.  Discussion topics will include but not limited to impacts of chemistry to the modern world in regards to ethical standards.  Grade method: Pass/Fail. Prerequisite: CHM 190 .

    0.5 credit hour
  
  • CHM 230 Chemistry Literature Colloquium

    Fall-Spring Semester

    This course is designed to expose students to the chemical literature and provide guided practice writing within the discipline. Students will learn how to critically read journal articles, write scholarly papers, and give well-organized presentations on topics related to the chemistry discipline. Constructive feedback will be given to facilitate the revision process, thereby improving the final drafts. 2 class periods. Prerequisite: CHM 234/235   and FCO 105  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    2 credit hours
  
  • CHM 234/235 Organic Chemistry I

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    Organic Chemistry I focuses on the study of carbon compounds. An integrated study of the nomenclature, properties, stereochemistry, synthesis, and reactions of aliphatic compounds including alcohols will be presented. The relationship between structure and reactivity is developed for each class of compounds. Mechanisms are stressed. This course will also cover introductory spectroscopic analysis. 3 lecture hours and 1 three-hour lab. Prerequisite: Either CHM 136/137  or CHM 146/147  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • CHM 236/237 Organic Chemistry II

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    This course is a continuation of CHM 234/235 . Reactions of aromatic, carbonyl, and amine compounds will be studied. Additionally, this course covers radical as well as oxidation/reduction reactions. Advanced spectroscopic analysis will be presented. Mechanisms and synthetic strategies will continue to be stressed. 3 class periods. 3 lecture hours and 1 three-hour lab. Prerequisite: CHM 234/235  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • CHM 240/241 Perspectives on the Molecular World



    This course introduces chemistry to non-science majors by exploring the chemistry of the molecular world we live in, as well as the impact of chemistry on societal issues.  Topics connecting chemistry to the world, such as synthetic and natural materials, health and nutrition, consumer products and drugs, and nature and the environment will be discussed.  Students in this course will examine the global and societal impact of chemistry through a chemical lens, and will evaluate information and apply the scientific method through experimentation.  The laboratory may include field trips, field studies, or in-lab experiments. 2 lecture hours and 1 three-hour lab.

    3 credit hours
    Satisfies Disciplinary Perspectives - Natural/Physical Sciences for “Generation Next”
  
  • CHM 290 Chemistry Seminar Series

    Fall Semester

    This course is a continuation chemistry seminar series.  Students will apply knowledge of discipline to specific projects.  The ability to initiate scientific discussions and cooperatively work on curricular activities will be observed.  Students will mentor chemistry majors on all levels through current research projects.  Discussion topics will include career and networking preparation.  Grade method: Pass/Fail. Prerequisite: CHM 200 

    0.5 credit hour
  
  • CHM 300 Senior Chemistry Seminar

    Spring Semester

    CHM 300 is the culmination of the chemistry seminar series.  Students will lead activities and discussions of the discipline.  Proficiency in communicating science will be demonstrated.  Critical thinking skills will be assessed by oral and written assignments.  This course will help students transition into a professional career setting.  Grade method: Pass/Fail.

      Prerequisite: CHM 200 

    0.5 credit hour

  
  • CHM 322 Inorganic Chemistry

    Fall Semester

    This course is a study of the descriptive and theoretical aspects of modern inorganic chemistry. Topics include atomic structure, bonding theories, acid-base concepts, chemistry of the main group elements, coordination chemistry and the transition elements, and selected topics of current interest. Prerequisite: CHM 236/237  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    3 credit hours
  
  • CHM 330 Introduction to Chemical Research

    Fall-Spring Semesters

    Introduction to Chemical Research is designed to prepare students for independent research prior to enrollment in CHM 481 .  Students will attend lectures, participate in discussion, and attend research presentations and lab demonstrations.  The student will select a research area, perform literature research, design a research project and prepare and defend a research proposal.  The final proposal is intended to be utilized for enrollment in CHM 481 .  Prerequisite: CHM 230  or permission of the department chair. 

    2 credit hours
  
  • CHM 336/337 Quantitative Analytical Chemistry

    Fall Semester

    This analytical course covers classical methods of chemical analysis that are augmented by the use of new titrants and ion selective electrodes. The theory and techniques of gravimetric, volumetric, and potentiometric analysis are discussed. 2 lecture hours and 2 three-hour labs. Prerequisite: Either CHM 136/137  or CHM 146/147  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • CHM 338/339 Instrumental Analytical Chemistry

    Spring Semester

    This course provides an introduction to the theoretical principles and applications of modern instrumental methods of analysis. Topics include spectroscopy, chromatography, elemental analysis, surface analysis, and electrochemical techniques. 2 lecture hours and 2 three-hour labs. Prerequisite: Either CHM 136/137  or CHM 146/147  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • CHM 344/345 Physical Chemistry I

    Spring Semester

    As an introduction to quantum chemistry, this course will begin with a detailed examination of the electronic structure of atoms and molecules and build an understanding of how to predict properties and reactivities of chemical substances. The course includes extensive discussion of modern computational techniques as well as practical exercises involving molecular modeling. 3 lecture hours and 1 three-hour lab. Prerequisite: CHM 150 , PHY 112/113  (or PHY 162 ), CHM 236/237 , MAT 291 , MAT 272  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • CHM 346/347 Physical Chemistry II

    Fall Semester

    This continuation of Physical Chemistry is a calculus-based examination of molecular spectroscopy, group theory, non-ideal gases, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, chemical equilibria, and chemical kinetics. All topics are presented from a purely molecular-level viewpoint, building from the theoretical principles discussed in Physical Chemistry I. 3 lecture hours and 1 three-hour lab. Prerequisite: CHM 344/345  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    4 credit hours
  
  • CHM 362 Special Topics in Chemistry



    These are upper-level courses focusing on chemistry-related topics that are of particular interest to science majors but that are not currently covered in the Chemistry curriculum. Subject matter may include advanced Chemistry topics as well as topics that have immediate impact on our society. Courses may be offered in either a lecture format or a combination of lecture and laboratory.

    3 credit hours
  
  • CHM 364 Special Topics in Chemistry



    These are upper-level courses focusing on chemistry-related topics that are of particular interest to science majors but that are not currently covered in the Chemistry curriculum. Subject matter may include advanced Chemistry topics as well as topics that have immediate impact on our society. Courses may be offered in either a lecture format or a combination of lecture and laboratory.

    3 credit hours
  
  • CHM 366 Special Topics in Chemistry



    These are upper-level courses focusing on chemistry-related topics that are of particular interest to science majors but that are not currently covered in the Chemistry curriculum. Subject matter may include advanced Chemistry topics as well as topics that have immediate impact on our society. Courses may be offered in either a lecture format or a combination of lecture and laboratory.

    3 credit hours
  
  • CHM 368 Special Topics in Chemistry



    These are upper-level courses focusing on chemistry-related topics that are of particular interest to science majors but that are not currently covered in the Chemistry curriculum. Subject matter may include advanced Chemistry topics as well as topics that have immediate impact on our society. Courses may be offered in either a lecture format or a combination of lecture and laboratory.

    3 credit hours
  
  • CHM 370 Bioinorganic Chemistry

    Spring Semester

    This course explores the inorganic chemistry related to the cell’s need for metals.  Topics include principles of coordination chemistry, the role of proteins and nucleic acids in metal complexes, and the reactivity of metal complexes within metalloenzymes.  Additional matters related to metals in medicine, metal uptake and availability, metal toxicity, catalytic cycles with and without redox chemistry, and electron transport are covered.  The course also includes an introduction to instrumentation and research within the field of bioinorganic chemistry. Prerequisite:   or  

    3 credit hours
  
  • CHM 372 Introduction to Toxicology

    Fall Semester, even-numbered years

    This course will provide an introduction to chemical, clinical, environmental, industrial and forensic aspects of toxicology, including classes of toxicants; toxicant processing, toxic action and organ toxicity; applied toxicology; and analytical techniques.  Mechanisms, toxicant processing, environmental and other impacts, and current research will also be covered.  It is strongly suggested (although not required) that students complete BIO 150/151  or an appropriate course in biology prior to taking CHM372.  Prerequisite: CHM 234/235 .

    3 credit hours
  
  • CHM 434 Advanced Organic Chemistry



    This advanced course in organic chemistry is a study of the principles and applications of physical, theoretical, and mechanistic organic chemistry. Topics include methods of synthesis of organic molecules, kinetics and mechanisms of organic reactions, structure-activity relationship, and spectroscopy. Prerequisite: CHM 236/237  with a grade of 2.0 or higher.

    3 credit hours
  
  • CHM 451 Capstone Laboratory Experience

    Spring Semester

    This course is required for all Chemistry majors (preferably in the senior year). This one-semester laboratory experience will be designed to integrate four broad areas of chemistry including inorganic, physical, organic, and analytical chemistry. Successful completion of CHM 346/347  and CHM 338/339  is required. 1 three-hour laboratory period.

    1 credit hour
 

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